How should a company’s income be represented over time?

Income over time is best represented in an income statement. The income statement provides a detailed account of a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a specific period, such as a month, quarter, or year. This financial document captures the performance of the company by showing how much money was generated through sales and other income sources, along with the costs associated with generating that income.

The clarity and structure of the income statement allow stakeholders, such as investors and management, to analyze the company’s operational efficiency and profitability over time. It reflects not only the income earned but also the expenses incurred, thereby providing a comprehensive view of the company's financial health during the reporting period. This is crucial for decision-making and assessing trends in income generation.

In contrast, other options like the balance sheet mainly list assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time, not showing income over time. Cash flow projections are focused on liquidity and predicting future cash movements rather than reporting past income. Financial forecasts provide estimations about future financial performance, which may include projected income but do not represent historical income as accurately as an income statement does.